Bus structure of computer
Hello friends.. In this post we have learn that ,what is bus ?what is bus structure of digital computer?Types of buses?
On above topics.. we are going to discuss deeply. So, please keep attension and Read carefully.
Bus structure of digital computer
Definition of Bus
A bus is a set of physical connections (cables , printed circuits etc,)which can be shared by multiple hardware components in order to communicate with one another .
Definition of Bus
A bus is a set of physical connections (cables , printed circuits etc,)which can be shared by multiple hardware components in order to communicate with one another .
Meaning of Bus
The CPU has to send and receive Various types of information and data to and from all other devices and components inside a computer .
Below the CPU there are mesh of wires or electronic pathways connected between motherboard and other components .This are the wires or electronic pathways that joint various component together to communicate with each other.this network of wires or electronic pathways is known as Bus.
Purpus of bus
The purpus of bus is to reduce the number of pathways needed for communication between the components ,by carrying out all communications over a single data channel, this is why the metaphor of a data highway is sometimes used.
The size of a bus ,known as its width and it is important because it determines how much data can be transmitted at one time .
For e.g. a 16 bit bus can transmit 16 bits of data.
every bus has a clock speed measured in MHz(Mega Hertz ).Each time data is send or received is called a cycle.
Most buses has typically composed between 50 and 100 Separate physical lines for communication. This lines are subdivided into three types of buses -Address bus or Memory bus ,Data bus and Command or control bus.
There are generally two types of buses within a computer -
1)The Internal bus some times called front side bus.The internal bus allows the processor to communicate with the systems central memory. (RAM)
2)The expansion bus sometimes called input output bus .allow various motherboard components (cards inserted in PCI)connectors ,hard drive ,CD-ROM etc.to communicate one another .however it is mainly used to add new devices using what are called expansion slots connected to input output bus.
The CPU has to send and receive Various types of information and data to and from all other devices and components inside a computer .
Below the CPU there are mesh of wires or electronic pathways connected between motherboard and other components .This are the wires or electronic pathways that joint various component together to communicate with each other.this network of wires or electronic pathways is known as Bus.
Purpus of bus
The purpus of bus is to reduce the number of pathways needed for communication between the components ,by carrying out all communications over a single data channel, this is why the metaphor of a data highway is sometimes used.
The size of a bus ,known as its width and it is important because it determines how much data can be transmitted at one time .
For e.g. a 16 bit bus can transmit 16 bits of data.
every bus has a clock speed measured in MHz(Mega Hertz ).Each time data is send or received is called a cycle.
Most buses has typically composed between 50 and 100 Separate physical lines for communication. This lines are subdivided into three types of buses -Address bus or Memory bus ,Data bus and Command or control bus.
There are generally two types of buses within a computer -
1)The Internal bus some times called front side bus.The internal bus allows the processor to communicate with the systems central memory. (RAM)
2)The expansion bus sometimes called input output bus .allow various motherboard components (cards inserted in PCI)connectors ,hard drive ,CD-ROM etc.to communicate one another .however it is mainly used to add new devices using what are called expansion slots connected to input output bus.
Types of buses
1.Address bus
Many Components are connected to one another through buses. each component is assigned a unique id,this id is called the address of that component. If a component wants to communicate with another components,it uses address bus to specify the address of that components .the address bus is a unidirectional bus .it can Carrie information only in one direction .it carries address of memory location from micro processor to the main memory.
2) Data bus
It is the most common type of the bus .it is used to transfer data between different components of computer.The number of lines in data bus aspects the speed of the data transfer The data bus consist of 8,16,32,or 64 lines .a 64 line data bus can transfer 64 bits of data at one time.
The data bus lines are bidirectional it means that -
CPU Can read data from memory using this lines .
CPU can write data to memory locations using this lines.
1.Address bus
Many Components are connected to one another through buses. each component is assigned a unique id,this id is called the address of that component. If a component wants to communicate with another components,it uses address bus to specify the address of that components .the address bus is a unidirectional bus .it can Carrie information only in one direction .it carries address of memory location from micro processor to the main memory.
2) Data bus
It is the most common type of the bus .it is used to transfer data between different components of computer.The number of lines in data bus aspects the speed of the data transfer The data bus consist of 8,16,32,or 64 lines .a 64 line data bus can transfer 64 bits of data at one time.
The data bus lines are bidirectional it means that -
CPU Can read data from memory using this lines .
CPU can write data to memory locations using this lines.
3) Control bus
Control bus is used to transmit different commands or control signals from one component to another components. Suppose CPU wants to read data from main memory it will used control bus to transmit control signals like acknowledgement signals to control signal contains the following -
1]Timing information -
It specifies the time for which a device can use data and address bus.
2]Command signal -
It specifies the type of operation to be performed.
For e.g Suppose CPU can gives a command to the main memory to write data,The memory sends acknowledgement signal to CPU after writing the data successfully. CPU receives the signal and then moves to perform some other actions.
Control bus is used to transmit different commands or control signals from one component to another components. Suppose CPU wants to read data from main memory it will used control bus to transmit control signals like acknowledgement signals to control signal contains the following -
1]Timing information -
It specifies the time for which a device can use data and address bus.
2]Command signal -
It specifies the type of operation to be performed.
For e.g Suppose CPU can gives a command to the main memory to write data,The memory sends acknowledgement signal to CPU after writing the data successfully. CPU receives the signal and then moves to perform some other actions.
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